Diphenhydramine - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Pharmacodynamics:The blocker of H1-histamine receptors of the first generation. Action on the central nervous system is due to blockade of H1-histamine receptors and m-cholinoreceptors of the brain. Reduces or prevents histamine-induced spasms of smooth muscles, increased capillary permeability, tissue swelling, pruritus and hyperemia, has a local anesthetic, antiemetic, sedative effects, has a hypnotic effect. Antagonism with histamine manifests itself in a greater degree in relation to local vascular reactions in inflammation and allergies than in systemic, ie. lowering blood pressure. However, with parenteral administration, patients with circulating blood volume deficiency may reduce blood pressure and increase the existing hypotension.In people with local brain damage and epilepsy activates (even in low doses) epileptic discharges on the electroencephalogram and can provoke an epileptic attack. The action develops within a few minutes, the duration is up to 12 hours.

Pharmacokinetics:

The connection with plasma proteins is 98-99%. Penetrates through the blood-brain barrier. Metabolized mainly in the liver, in part - in the lungs and kidneys. It is excreted from the tissues after 6 hours. The half-life period is 4-10 hours. Within a day it is completely excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites conjugated with glucuronic acid. Essential quantities are excreted in breast milk and may cause sedation in infants breastfed (a paradoxical reaction characterized by excessive excitability may occur).

Indications:

In complex therapy - anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions, Quincke's edema, serum sickness.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, zakratougolnaya glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia, stenosing peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, stenosis of the neck of the bladder, bronchial asthma, epilepsy,period of breastfeeding, children's age up to 7 months.

Carefully:Pregnancy.

Pregnancy and lactation:

With caution, under the strict supervision of a doctor, during pregnancy (adequate and strictly controlled studies in pregnant women are not conducted).

Due to the fact that significant quantities of diphenhydramine are excreted in breast milk and can cause sedation in infants (a paradoxical reaction characterized by excitability can be observed), breastfeeding should be stopped for the duration of treatment.

Dosing and Administration:

Intravenous or deep intramuscular.

For adults and children over 14 years - 1-5 ml (10-50 mg) 1-3 times a day. The maximum daily dose is 200 mg.

For children aged 7 to 12 months - 0.3-0.5 ml (3-5 mg), from 1 year to 3 years - 0.5-1 ml (5-10 mg), 4 to 6 years - 1-1,5 ml (10-15 mg), from 7 to 14 years - 1,5-3 ml (15-30 mg) if necessary every 6-8 hours.

The maximum daily dose for children aged 7 to 12 months is 2.0 ml (20 mg), from 1 to 3 years - 4.0 ml (40 mg), from 4 to 6 years - 6.0 ml (60 mg ), from 7 to 14 years - 12 ml (120 mg).

Side effects:

From the cardiovascular system: decrease in blood pressure, palpitations, tachycardia, extrasystole.

From the respiratory system: dryness of the mucous membrane of the nose and throat, increased viscosity of phlegm, a feeling of squeezing in the chest and throat, sneezing, nasal congestion.

From the nervous system: headache, sedation, drowsiness, dizziness, impaired coordination, weakness, confusion, anxiety, agitation, nervousness, tremor, irritability, insomnia, euphoria, paresthesia, neuritis, convulsions, decreased speed of psychomotor reactions.

From the sense organs: impaired visual perception, diplopia, vertigo, tinnitus, acute labyrinthitis.

From the digestive system: dryness of the oral mucosa, epigastric pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, discomfort in the epigastric region.

From the genitourinary system: rapid or difficult urination, urinary retention, early menstruation.

From the hematopoiesis: hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.

Allergic reactions: urticaria, drug rash, anaphylactic shock, photosensitization.

Other: increased sweating, chills.

If an adverse reaction occurs as soon as possible consult a doctor.

If any of the side effects listed in the manual are aggravated, or if you notice any other side effects not listed in the instructions, inform the doctor about it.

Overdose:

Symptoms: oppression or excitation (especially in children) of the central nervous system, depression. Other symptoms of an overdose resemble the action of atropine: dilated pupils, dry mouth, upset of the functions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Treatment: there is no special antidote. Gastric lavage. Supportive measures include monitoring blood pressure, drugs that increase blood pressure, oxygen, introduction of plasma-substituting fluids intravenously.

You can not use adrenaline and analeptics.

Interaction:

Potentsiruet action of alcohol and drugs, depressing the central nervous system. Antagonistic interaction is noted when co-administered with psychostimulants.

Reduces the effectiveness of apomorphine as an emetic drug in the treatment of poisoning.It enhances the anticholinergic effects of the drug with m-cholinoblocking activity.

Inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (MAO) increase the anticholinergic activity of dimedrol. Dimedrol is used to reduce reactions with blood transfusions and blood-substituting fluids, with the use of enzyme and other drugs. It is part of the composition of lytic mixtures.

Special instructions:

Do not administer subcutaneously due to irritant effect. It is not recommended to appoint patients who engage in potentially hazardous activities requiring increased concentration of attention and speed of mental and motor reactions. During treatment with diphenhydramine, you should avoid ultraviolet radiation and use of ethanol. It is necessary to inform the doctor about the use of diphenhydramine: an antiemetic effect may make it difficult to diagnose appendicitis and to recognize the symptoms of overdose with other medications.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:Diphenhydramine causes drowsiness and disrupts the rapidity of reactions, as a result of which the drug can not be used to drive vehicles and occupy other potentially dangerous speciesactivities that require increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Form release / dosage:

Solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection 10 mg / ml.

Packaging:

1 ml of the drug in ampoules of neutral glass grade NS-3.

5 ampoules are placed in a contour mesh box made of a polyvinylchloride film and a polymer film, or without a polymer film.

1.2 contour mesh packages are placed in a pack of cardboard.

In each pack you put the instructions for use, the scarifier is ampoule. Ampoule scapper does not invest when using ampoules with a kink ring or with an incision and a point.

Storage conditions:

In the dark place at a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

5 years.

Do not use after the expiration date.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:LP-004605

Date of registration:21.12.2017

Expiration Date:21.12.2022

The owner of the registration certificate:VELFARM, LLC VELFARM, LLC Republic of San Marino

Manufacturer: & nbsp

VELFARM, LLC Russia

Information update date: & nbsp24.01.2018

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Dimedrol (Dimedrol)