Diphenhydramine - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Blocker H₁-gistaminovyh receptors of the first generation. The effect on the central nervous system is due to the blockade of H₁histamine receptors and brain m-cholinergic receptors. Reduces or prevents histamine-induced spasms of smooth muscles, increased capillary permeability, tissue swelling, pruritus and hyperemia, has a local anesthetic, antiemetic, sedative effects, has a hypnotic effect. Antagonism with histamine is manifested to a large extent in relation to local vascular reactions in inflammation and allergies, than to systemic, i.e. lowering blood pressure. However, with parenteral administration, patients with circulating blood volume deficiency may reduce blood pressure and increase the existing hypotension.In people with local brain damage and epilepsy activates (even in low doses) epileptic discharges on the electroencephalogram and can provoke an epileptic attack.

The action develops within a few minutes, the duration is up to 12 hours.

Pharmacokinetics:

The connection with plasma proteins is 98-99%. Penetrates through the blood-brain barrier. Metabolized mainly in the liver, in part - in the lungs and kidneys. It is excreted from the tissues after 6 hours. The half-life period is 4-10 hours. Within a day it is completely excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites conjugated with glucuronic acid. Essential amounts are excreted in breast milk and can cause sedation in infants (a paradoxical reaction characterized by excessive excitability can be observed).

Indications:

In complex therapy - anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions, Quincke's edema, serum sickness.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, lactation, angle-closure glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia, stenosing peptic ulcer of stomach and duodenum, stenosis of the neck of the bladder, bronchial asthma, epilepsy, children under 7 months.

Carefully:

Pregnancy.

Pregnancy and lactation:

With caution, under the strict supervision of a doctor, during pregnancy (adequate and strictly controlled studies in pregnant women are not conducted).

Due to the fact that significant amounts are excreted in breast milk and can cause sedation in infants (a paradoxical reaction characterized by excessive excitability can be observed), breastfeeding should be stopped for the duration of treatment.

Dosing and Administration:

Intramuscularly.

For adults and children over 14 years intramuscularly 1-5 ml of 1% solution (10-50 mg) 1-3 times a day; the maximum daily dose is 200 mg.

For children aged 7 months to 12 months for 0.3-0.5 ml (3-5 mg), from 1 to 3 years for 0.5-1 ml (5-10 mg), from 4 to 6 years for 1-1.5 ml (10 -15 mg), from 7 to 14 years, 1,5-3 ml (15-30 mg) if necessary every 6-8 hours.

Side effects:

From the side of the cardiovascular system: lowering blood pressure, palpitations, tachycardia, extrasystole.

From the respiratory system: dryness of the mucous membrane of the nose and throat, increased viscosity of phlegm, a feeling of compression in the chest or throat, sneezing, nasal congestion.

From the nervous system: headache, sedation, drowsiness, dizziness, impaired coordination of motion, weakness,confusion, anxiety, agitation, nervousness, tremor, irritability, insomnia, euphoria, paresthesia, neuritis, convulsions, decreased speed of psychomotor reactions.

From the sense organs: visual impairment, diplopia, vertigo, noise in the ears, acute labyrinthitis.

From the digestive system: dryness of the oral mucosa, epigastric pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, discomfort in the epigastric region.

From the genitourinary system: rapid or difficult urination, urinary retention, early menstruation.

On the part of the organs of hematopoiesis: hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.

Allergic reactions: urticaria, drug rash, anaphylactic shock, photosensitivity.

Other: increased sweating, chills.

If any adverse side reaction occurs, consult a doctor as soon as possible.

If any of the side effects listed in the manual are aggravated, or if you notice any other side effects not listed in the instructions, tell your doctor.

Overdose:

Symptoms: oppression or excitation (especially in children) of the central nervous system, depression. Other symptoms of an overdose resemble the action of atropine: dilated pupils, dry mouth, upset of the functions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Treatment: there is no special antidote. Gastric lavage Supportive measures include monitoring blood pressure, drugs that increase blood pressure, oxygen, introduction of plasma-substituting fluids intravenously.

You can not use adrenaline and analeptics.

Interaction:

Potentsiruet action of alcohol and drugs, depressing the central nervous system.

Antagonistic interaction is noted when co-administered with psychostimulants.

Reduces the effectiveness of apomorphine as an emetic drug in the treatment of poisoning.

It enhances the anticholinergic effects of the drug with m-cholinoblocking activity.

Inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (MAO) increase the anticholinergic activity of dimedrol.

Used to reduce reactions with blood transfusions and blood substitutes, when using enzyme and other drugs.

It is part of the composition of lytic mixtures.

Special instructions:

Do not administer subcutaneously due to irritant effect.

It is not recommended to appoint patients who engage in potentially hazardous activities requiring increased attention and rapid mental and motor reactions.

During treatment with diphenhydramine, ultraviolet examination and the use of ethanol should be avoided.

It is necessary to inform the doctor about the use of this drug: an antiemetic effect may make it difficult to diagnose appendicitis and to recognize the symptoms of an overdose with other medications.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:

Diphenhydramine causes drowsiness and disrupts the reaction rate, so the drug can not be used when driving and working with potentially dangerous equipment.

Form release / dosage:

Solution for intramuscular injection, 10 mg / ml.

Packaging:

1 ml per ampoule.

For 10 ampoules, together with instructions for medical use and a knife for opening ampoules are placed in a box of cardboard.

10 ampoules in a blister pack. 1 blister pack together with a knife for opening ampoules and instructions for medical use are placed in a pack of cardboard

In case of using ampoules with a break ring or with a notch and a break point, the insertion of the knife for opening ampoules is not provided.

Storage conditions:

In the dark place at a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

4 years.

Do not use after expiry date.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:LP-001967

Date of registration:09.01.2013

Expiration Date:09.01.2018

The owner of the registration certificate:BORISOVSKIY FACTORY OF MEDPREPARATES, OJSC BORISOVSKIY FACTORY OF MEDPREPARATES, OJSC Republic of Belarus

Manufacturer: & nbsp

BORISOVSKIY FACTORY OF MEDPREPARATES, OJSC Republic of Belarus

Representation: & nbspBORISOVSKIY FACTORY OF MEDPREPARATES, OJSCBORISOVSKIY FACTORY OF MEDPREPARATES, OJSC

Information update date: & nbsp03.11.2016

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Dimedrol (Dimedrol)