Diphenhydramine - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Block H₁-gistaminovyh receptors of the first generation. Action on the central nervous system is due to blockade H₁-gistaminovyh receptors and m-cholinoreceptors of the brain. Reduces or prevents histamine-induced spasms of smooth muscles, increased capillary permeability, tissue swelling, pruritus and hyperemia, has a local anesthetic, antiemetic, sedative effects, has a hypnotic effect. Antagonism with histamine manifests itself in a greater degree in relation to local vascular reactions in inflammation and allergies than in systemic, ie. lowering blood pressure. However, with parenteral administration, patients with circulating blood volume deficiency may reduce blood pressure and increase the existing hypotension.In people with local brain damage and epilepsy activates (even in low doses) epileptic discharges on the electroencephalogram and can provoke an epileptic attack.

The action develops within a few minutes, the duration is up to 12 hours.

Pharmacokinetics:

The connection with plasma proteins is 98-99%. Penetrates through the blood-brain barrier.

Metabolized mainly in the liver, in part - in the lungs and kidneys. It is excreted from the tissues after 6 hours. The half-life period is 4-10 hours. Within a day it is completely excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites conjugated with glucuronic acid. Essential quantities are excreted in milk and may cause sedation in infants breastfed (a paradoxical reaction characterized by excessive excitability may be observed).

Indications:

In complex therapy - anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions, Quincke edema, serum sickness.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, lactation, angle-closure glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia, stenosing peptic ulcer of stomach and duodenum, stenosis of the neck of the bladder, bronchial asthma, epilepsy, children under 7 months.

Pregnancy and lactation:

The use of diphenhydramine in pregnancy is possible only under the strict supervision of a doctor in the event that the estimated dose for the mother exceeds the potential risk to the fetus.

For the duration of treatment, breastfeeding should be discontinued.

Dosing and Administration:

Intravenous and intramuscular.

For adults and children over 14 years intravenously and intramuscularly 1-5 ml 1% solution (10-50 mg) 1-3 times a day; the maximum daily dose is 200 mg.

For children aged 7 months to 12 months 0,3-0,5 ml (3-5 mg), from 1 year to 3 years, 0.5-1 ml (5-10 mg), from 4 to 6 years, 1-1.5 ml (10- 15 mg), from 7 to 14 years, 1,5-3 ml (15-30 mg), if necessary, every 6-8 hours.

Side effects:

Allergic reactions: urticaria, photosensitivity, skin rash, itching, anaphylactic shock.

From the nervous system: headache, sedation, drowsiness, weakness, decreased speed of the psychomotor reaction, movement coordination disorders, dizziness, tremor, chills, irritability, confusion, anxiety, euphoria, agitation (especially in children), insomnia, paresthesia, neuritis, convulsions.

From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, discomfort in the epigastric region, anorexia, dry mucous membrane of the oral mucosa, constipation, diarrhea.

From the respiratory system: dryness of the mucous membrane of the nose and throat, increased viscosity of phlegm, a feeling of compression in the chest or throat, sneezing, nasal congestion.

On the part of the organs of hematopoiesis: hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.

From the side of the cardiovascular system: lowering blood pressure, palpitations, tachycardia, extrasystole.

From the genitourinary system: urination disorders (frequent or difficult urination), urinary retention, early menstruation.

From the sense organs: visual impairment, diplopia, vertigo, noise in the ears, acute labyrinthitis.

Other: increased sweating, chills.

Overdose:

Symptoms: oppression or excitation (especially in children) of the central nervous system, including depression, dilated pupils, dry mouth, upset of the functions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Treatment: there is no special antidote. Gastric lavage. Supportive measures include monitoring blood pressure, drugs that increase blood pressure, oxygen, introduction of plasma-substituting fluids intravenously. Can not use epinephrine and analeptics.

Interaction:

Potentsiruet action of alcohol and drugs, depressing the central nervous system.

Inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (MAO) increase the anticholinergic activity of Dimedrol.

Antagonistic interaction is noted when co-administered with psychostimulants.

Reduces the effectiveness of apomorphine as an emetic drug in the treatment of poisoning.

Enhances the anticholinergic effects of drugs with m-cholinoblocking activity.

Special instructions:

Precautions for use

During treatment with diphenhydramine, you should avoid ultraviolet radiation and use of ethanol.

Patients involved in activities requiring attention and rapid psychomotor reactions should be careful.

It is necessary to inform the doctor about the use of this drug: an antiemetic effect may make it difficult to diagnose appendicitis and to recognize the symptoms of an overdose of other medicines.

Do not administer subcutaneously due to irritant effect.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:

The drug can not be used when driving and working with potentially dangerous equipment.

Form release / dosage:Solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection, 10 mg / ml.

Packaging:

1 ml into glass ampoules.

10 ampoules with a liner are placed in a pack of cardboard box.

In each pack insert instruction for use and a knife ampoule or scarifier.

Storage conditions:

In the dark place at a temperature of no higher than 30 ° C.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

5 years.

Do not use after the expiration date.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:LP-001056

Date of registration:27.10.2011

Expiration Date:Unlimited

The owner of the registration certificate:SAMSON-MED, LLC SAMSON-MED, LLC Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

SAMSON-MED, LLC Russia

Information update date: & nbsp03.11.2016

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Dimedrol (Dimedrol)