Diphenhydramine - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Pharmacodynamics:The H1 blocker is the first-generation histamine receptor. Action on the central nervous system is due to blockade of H1-histamine receptors and m-cholinoreceptors of the brain. Reduces or prevents histamine-induced spasms of smooth muscles, increased capillary permeability, tissue swelling, pruritus and hyperemia, has a local anesthetic, antiemetic, sedative effects, has a hypnotic effect. Antagonism with histamine manifests itself in a greater degree in relation to local vascular reactions in inflammation and allergies than in systemic, ie. lowering blood pressure. In people with local brain damage and epilepsy activates (even in low doses) epileptic discharges on the electroencephalogram and can provoke an epileptic attack.

Pharmacokinetics:

Quickly absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability - 50%.The time required to reach the maximum concentration is 20-40 minutes (the highest concentration is found in the lungs, spleen, kidneys, liver, brain and muscles). The connection with plasma proteins is 98-99%. Penetrates through the blood-brain barrier. Metabolized mainly in the liver, in part - in the lungs and kidneys. It is excreted from the tissues after 6 hours.

The half-life period is 4-10 hours. Within 24 hours it is completely excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites conjugated with glucuronic acid. It is excreted in breast milk.

Indications:

Allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, itchy dermatoses, dermatografism, serum sickness, in complex therapy of anaphylactic reactions, Quincke's edema.

Insomnia, chorea, syndrome Meniere's syndrome, sea and air sickness, as an antiemetic.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, zakratougolnaya glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia, stenosing peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, stenosis of the neck of the bladder, epilepsy.

Children under 14 years (for this dosage form).

Carefully:Bronchial asthma.

Dosing and Administration:

How to use: inside.

Adults and children over 14 years of age 50 mg 1 - 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 10 to 15 days. Higher doses for adults: single dose - 100 mg, daily - 250 mg.

When insomnia - for 50 mg for 20 - 30 minutes before bedtime.

When motion sick, 50 mg every 4 to 6 hours if necessary.

Side effects:

Allergic reactions:

urticaria, skin rash, itching, anaphylactic shock.

From the nervous system and sensory organs:

drowsiness, weakness, decreased speed of the psychomotor reaction, impaired coordination of movements, dizziness, tremor, irritability, euphoria, excitation (especially in children), insomnia, fatigue, sedation, headache, anxiety, confusion, neuritis, convulsions, paresthesia; impaired vision, diplopia, acute labyrinthitis, tinnitus.

From the digestive system:

nausea, discomfort in the epigastric region, anorexia, dry mouth, numbness of the oral mucosa, diarrhea, vomiting.

From the respiratory system:

dryness of the mucous membrane of the mouth, nose, increased sputum viscosity, sneezing, nasal congestion, tightness in the chest and heavy breathing.

From the hematopoiesis:

hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.

From the cardiovascular system:

palpitation, lowering of arterial pressure, tachycardia, extrasystole.

From the urinary system:

urination disorders, early menstruation.

Other:

sweating, chills, photosensitivity.

Overdose:

Symptoms:

depression of the central nervous system, development of excitation (especially in children) or depression, dilated pupils, dry mouth, paresis of the gastrointestinal tract, in children - development of seizures and death.

Treatment:

there is no specific antidote. Induction of vomiting, gastric lavage. If necessary, drugs that increase blood pressure, oxygen, intravenous injection of plasma-substituting fluids.

Can not use epinephrine and analeptics.

Interaction:

Strengthens the action of ethanol and drugs that depress the central nervous system. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors increase the anticholinergic activity of diphenhydramine. Antagonistic interaction is noted when co-administered with psychostimulants.Reduces the effectiveness of apomorphine as an emetic drug in the treatment of poisoning. Enhances the anticholinergic effects of drugs with m-cholinoblocking activity.

Special instructions:

During treatment with diphenhydramine, UV irradiation and the use of ethanol should be avoided.

It is necessary to inform the doctor about the use of this drug: an antiemetic effect may make it difficult to diagnose appendicitis and to recognize the symptoms of an overdose of other medicines.

With regular use in doses exceeding those recommended by a physician causes severe drug dependence.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Form release / dosage:Tablets 50 mg.

Packaging:

For 10 tablets in a contour non-cellular package of paper with a polyethylene coating or from blanks on the basis of paper for contour non-jagged packs of medicines.

For 10 tablets in a contour mesh box made of polyvinylchloride film and aluminum foil printed lacquered.

For 2, 3 or 5 contour mesh packages together with the instruction for use are placed in a pack of cardboard.

For 500 or 1200 contour non-jammed packages together with an equal number of instructions for use are placed in a box of corrugated cardboard (for hospitals).

Storage conditions:

Store in a dry place protected from light.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

5 years.

Do not use after the expiry date printed on the package.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:LS-000387

Date of registration:31.03.2010 / 27.03.2013

The owner of the registration certificate:DALHIMFARM, OJSC DALHIMFARM, OJSC Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

DALHIMFARM, OJSC Russia

Information update date: & nbsp04.02.16

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Dimedrol (Dimedrol)