Diphenhydramine - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Pharmacodynamics:The H1 blocker is a first-generation histamine receptor. Action on the central nervous system is due to blockade of H3-histamine receptors in the brain and inhibition of central cholinergic structures. Removes spasm of smooth muscles (direct action), reduces permeability of capillaries, prevents and weakens allergic reactions, has local anesthetic, antiemetic, sedative effects, moderately blocks cholinergic receptors of vegetative ganglia, and has a hypnotic effect. Antagonism with histamine manifests itself in a greater degree in relation to local vascular reactions in inflammation and allergies than in systemic, ie. lowering blood pressure.However, with parenteral administration, patients with a deficiency of circulating blood volume may reduce blood pressure and increase existing hypotension, due to ganglion blocking effects. In people with local brain damage and epilepsy activates (even in low doses) epileptic discharges on the electroencephalogram and can provoke an epileptic attack. The action develops within a few minutes, the duration is up to 12 hours.

Pharmacokinetics:The connection with plasma proteins is 98-99%. Penetrates through the blood-brain barrier. Metabolized mainly in the liver, in part - in the lungs and kidneys. It is excreted from the tissues after 6 hours. The half-life period is 4-10 hours. Within a day it is completely excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites conjugated with glucuronic acid. Essential amounts are excreted in milk and can cause sedation in infants (a paradoxical reaction characterized by excessive excitability may be observed).

Indications:Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions (in complex therapy); Quincke's edema, serum sickness, other acute allergic conditions (in complex therapy and in cases when the use of a tablet form is impossible).

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, zakratougolnaya glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, stenosis of the neck of the bladder, bronchial asthma, epilepsy, children under 7 months. Because of local necrosis, you can not use Diphenhydramine as a local anesthetic.

With care - pregnancy, lactation.

Carefully:With care - pregnancy, lactation.

Pregnancy and lactation:Use with caution.

Dosing and Administration:

Intravenous or intramuscular.

For adults and children over 14 years of age, intravenously or intramuscularly, 1-5 ml of a 1% solution (10-50 mg) 1-3 times a day; the maximum daily dose is 200 mg.

For children aged 7 months to 12 months, 0.3-0.5 ml (3-5 mg), 1 to 3 years, 0.5-1 ml (5-10 mg), 4 to 6 years on 1-1,5 ml (10-15 mg), from 7 till 14 years on 1,5-3 ml (15-30 mg) if necessary every 6-8 hours.

Side effects:

From the central nervous system;

drowsiness, general weakness, impaired coordination and reaction speed, a sense of fatigue. In some cases, excitation (especially in children), insomnia, irritability, euphoria, dizziness, tremor. Allergic reactions: urticaria, photosensitivity, skin rash, itching.

From the gastrointestinal tract:

there may be a dry mouth feeling, a disturbance of the functions of the gastrointestinal tract (epigastric discomfort, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite).

From the respiratory system:

dryness of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, nose, bronchi (increased viscosity of sputum).

From the hematopoiesis:

hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis. From the cardiovascular system: lowering blood pressure, tachycardia, extrasystole.

Overdose:

Symptoms: Oppression or excitation (especially in children) of the central nervous system, depression. Other symptoms of an overdose resemble the action of atropine: dilated pupils, dry mouth, upset of the functions of the gastrointestinal tract. Treatment: there is no special antidote. Gastric lavage. Supportive measures include monitoring blood pressure, drugs that increase blood pressure, oxygen, introduction of plasma-substituting fluids intravenously.

You can not use adrenaline and analeptics.

Interaction:

Potentsiruet action of alcohol and drugs, depressing the central nervous system.Monoamine oxidase inhibitors increase the anticholinergic activity of Diphenhydramine. Used to reduce reactions with blood transfusions and blood substitutes, when using enzyme and other drugs. It is part of the composition of lytic mixtures.

Dimedrol reduces the effectiveness of apomorphine as an emetic drug in the treatment of poisoning.

Enhances the anticholinergic effects of drugs with m-cholinoblocking activity.

Applied as a soothing and hypnotic in combination with other sleeping pills.

Special instructions:

Do not administer subcutaneously due to irritant effect.

Diphenhydramine causes drowsiness and disrupts the reaction rate, so the drug can not be used when driving and working with potentially dangerous equipment.

Effect on the ability to drive transp. cf. and fur:

It is not recommended to appoint patients who engage in potentially hazardous activities requiring increased attention and rapid mental and motor reactions.

Form release / dosage:

Solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection 10 mg / ml.

Packaging:

1 ml per ampoule with a capacity of 1 ml or 2 ml of neutral glass grade HC-1 or HC-3, or imported.

5 ampoules per circuit cell box made of polyvinyl chloride film and foil of aluminum printed lacquered or foil-free.

2 contour mesh packages together with instructions for use and a ceramic ampoule scarifier in a cardboard pack.

When using ampoules with a ring or break point, the scarifier or ampoule knife is not inserted.

Storage conditions:

In the dark place at a temperature of no higher than 30 ° C.

Freezing is not allowed.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:5 years. The drug should be used before the expiration date.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:LSR-008831/08

Date of registration:06.11.2008 / 23.04.2015

The owner of the registration certificate:FARMENT FIRM, LLC FARMENT FIRM, LLC Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

FARMENT FIRM, LLC Russia

Information update date: & nbsp09.02.2016

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Dimedrol (Dimedrol)