The most common undesirable effect in the treatment with Glibenclamide is hypoglycemia. This condition can take a protracted character and contribute to the development of severe conditions up to a comatose, life-threatening patient or ending lethally. With diabetic polyneuropathy or with concomitant treatment with sympatholytic drugs (see section "Interaction with other drugs"), typical precursors of hypoglycemia may be mild or absent altogether.
The reasons for the development of hypoglycemia can be: drug overdose; incorrect reading; irregular eating; elderly patients; vomiting, diarrhea; large physical exertion; diseases that reduce the need for insulin (violations of liver and kidney function, hypofunction of the adrenal cortex, pituitary gland or thyroid gland); alcohol abuse, as well as interaction with other drugs. Symptoms of hypoglycemia are: a strong feeling of hunger, sudden profuse sweating, palpitations, pallor of the skin, paresthesia of the oral mucosa, tremors, general anxiety, headache, pathological drowsiness, sleep disorders, fear, coordination of movements, temporary neurological disorders , visual and speech disorders, manifestations of paresis or paralysis, or altered perception of sensations). With the progression of hypoglycemia, patients may lose self-control and consciousness, increased convulsive readiness. Along with hypoglycemia are possible:
From the digestive system: infrequently - nausea, eructation, vomiting, "metallic" taste in the mouth, a feeling of heaviness and overflow in the stomach, abdominal pain, diarrhea; very rarely - a temporary increase in the activity of "hepatic" enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, glutaminoschaveulose acetic aminotransferase, glutamine-pyruvic aminotransferase), hepatitis, jaundice.
Allergic reactions: infrequent - skin rash, including flaky, itching, urticaria, skin hyperemia, Quincke edema, petechiae, photosensitivity; very rarely - allergic vasculitis, skin reactions can serve as the beginning of the development of severe conditions, accompanied by shortness of breath and lowering blood pressure until the onset of shock, threatening the life of the patient. Individual cases of severe generalized allergic reactions with skin rash, arthralgia, fever, proteinuria, jaundice are described.
From the hematopoiesis: rarely thrombocytopenia, very rarely leukocytopenia, agranulocytosis. In a few cases, hemolytic anemia, pancytopenia develops.
Other: very rarely - increased diuresis; temporary proteinuria; visual impairment and accommodation; abdominal pain; cross-allergicreaction to probenecid, sulfonylurea derivatives, sulfonamides, diuretics containing a sulfonamide group in the molecule; acute reaction of alcohol intolerance after its use, expressed by complications from the circulatory and respiratory organs (disulfiramoid-like reaction: vomiting, sensation of fever in the face and upper body, tachycardia, dizziness, headache).