Sodium bicarbonate (Natrii hydrocarbonas)

Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Indications Carefully Contraindications Dosing and Administration Side effects
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Clinical and pharmacological group: & nbsp

Regulators of water-electrolyte balance and KHS

Included in the formulation
  • Sodium bicarbonate
    solution d / infusion 
    Liqvor, ZAO    
  • Sodium bicarbonate
    powder locally inwards 
    YAROSLAVSK PHARMACEUTICAL FACTORY, CJSC     Russia
  • Sodium bicarbonate
    powder locally inwards 
    MOSCOW PHARMACEUTICAL FACTORY, CJSC     Russia
  • Sodium bicarbonate
    solution d / infusion 
    BIOSINTEZ, PAO     Russia
  • Sodium bicarbonate
    solution in / in 
    DALHIMFARM, OJSC     Russia
  • Sodium bicarbonate
    solution d / infusion 
    Promomed Rus, Open Company     Russia
  • Sodium bicarbonate
    solution d / infusion 
    ABOLMED, LLC     Russia
  • Sodium bicarbonate-Eskom
    solution d / infusion 
    ESKOM NPK, OAO     Russia
  • Sodium bicarbonate-Eskom
    solution d / infusion 
    ESKOM NPK, OAO     Russia
    • Included in the list (Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2782-r of 30.12.2014):

    VED

    АТХ:

    B.05.B.B   Solutions affecting the water-electrolyte balance

    Pharmacodynamics:

    Increases the bicarbonate in the plasma. It binds hydrogen ions, increases pH (buffer effect). Sequestrants free bicarbonate ions in the urine, increases the pH of urine. Neutralizes hydrochloric acid of gastric juice with the formation of carbon dioxide. Pharmacological effects: anti-acid (systemic alkalinizing): use in deep metabolic acidosis, hypotonic dehydration with metabolic acidosis, antacid (with ingestion) - fast,short-term (partial replenishment of water deficiency) with secondary activation of gastric secretion due to irritation of gastric mucosa receptors and enhancement of gastrin release, analgesic - with stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer, expectorant and mucolytic - alkalization of bronchial mucus, increased bronchial secretion, improved rheological properties of sputum, diuretic - increased excretion of sodium and chlorine ions; osmotic diuresis, antiurolytic - prevention of formation and dissolution of uric acid concretions (due to alkalinization of urine), formation of phosphate stones (due to alkalinization of urine) - with prolonged admission, alleviation of symptoms of sea and air sickness.

    Pharmacokinetics:

    Elimination of the kidneys, formed carbon dioxide - light.

    Indications:

    The increased acidity of gastric juice, stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcers, metabolic acidosis (including infections, intoxications, diabetes, postoperative period), the need for dilution of the bronchial secretion, inflammatory diseases of the eyes, oral cavity,mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract (including when irritated with acids); for loosening of the earwax; relief of discomfort in light infections of the urinary tract, alkalinization of urine; renal tubular acidosis, urate kidney stones, cystine kidney stones.

    ICD-10

    IV.E70-E90.E87.2   Acidosis

    VIII.H60-H62.H61.2   Ripe Cork

    X.J00-J06.J06.8   Other acute upper respiratory tract infections of multiple localization

    X.J00-J06   Acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract

    XI.K00-K14.K12.1   Other forms of stomatitis

    XI.K00-K14.K12   Stomatitis and related lesions

    I.B00-B09.B08.4   Enterovirus vesicular stomatitis with exanthema

    I.A65-A69.A69.0   Necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis

    XIV.N17-N19.N19   Kidney failure, unspecified

    XIV.N17-N19.N18.9   Chronic renal failure, unspecified

    XIV.N17-N19.N18   Chronic Renal Failure

    XIV.N17-N19   Renal insufficiency

    Contraindications:

    Hypersensitivity; Conditions accompanied by the development of alkalosis; hypocalcemia (increased risk of alkalosis and the development of tetanic convulsions), hypochloremia (loss of chloride ions, including caused by vomiting or a prolonged decrease in absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, can lead to severe alkalosis).

    Carefully:

    Children under 18 years of age, pregnancy, breast-feeding.Elderly age, renal and hepatic insufficiency. Edema, arterial hypertension (the condition may worsen), anuria or oliguria (increased risk of excessive sodium retention).

    Pregnancy and lactation:

    FDA recommendation category C.

    No violations were found. It is necessary to relate the risk and benefit, as possible systemic action when ingestion. With constant intake of - the risk of developing systemic alkalosis. Reabsorption of sodium ions can cause swelling and weight gain. Studies of the parenteral form of administration on humans and animals have not been carried out. There is no information on the penetration into breast milk. Complications in humans are not recorded.

    Dosing and Administration:

    Inside, intravenously, rectally (suppositories, enemas), topically (in the form of solutions). As an antacid: inside, adults - 0.5-1 g several times a day, children - 0.1-0.75 g per reception (depending on age).

    In candles, appoint 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 g.

    Intravenous drip - 1, 3, 4 or 5% solution.

    With rhinitis, conjunctivitis, stomatitis, laryngitis - in the form of rinses, rinses, inhalations 0.5-2% solution; when acids get on the skin and mucous, a 2% solution is recommended.

    For the correction of metabolic acidosis (infection, intoxication) is administered orally or intravenously with acidosis - 3-5 g (can be in drop enemas 4% solution), with expressed acidosis in / in - 50-100 ml 3-5% solution (adult ), with acutely developing acidosis - 50-100 ml of 8.4% solution.

    In urology: inside, 3 g in the form of an aqueous solution every 2 hours, until the urine pH exceeds 7.0; maintenance dose - 5-10 g / day.

    Side effects:

    With prolonged use - alkalosis and its clinical manifestations: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, anxiety, headache, in severe cases - tetanic convulsions; possibly an increase in blood pressure; when using candles - a lax effect, urge for defecation, diarrhea, flatulence, rumbling.

    Overdose:

    Metabolic alkalosis (when taken in high doses or with kidney failure): mood disturbance or psyche, pain or spasmodic muscle twitching, nervousness or anxiety, slowed breathing, unpleasant taste in the mouth, unusual fatigue and fatigue. With prolonged use, hypercalcemia associated with milk and alkaline syndrome (frequent urination, prolonged headaches, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, unusual fatigue and fatigue).

    Treatment: elimination of sodium bicarbonate and other alkaline agents, restoration of hydration by intravenous infusion of isotonic sodium chloride solution. Specific therapy: potassium chloride (with hypokalemia), calcium gluconate (with hypocalcemia), ammonium chloride or hydrochloric acid (with severe alkalosis). It may be necessary to conduct hemodialysis (with severe alkalosis).

    Interaction:

    With caution combine with quinidine, sympathomimetics.

    Special instructions:

    It causes unpleasant sensations in the stomach (due to its stretching with evolved carbon dioxide) and eructations, as well as perforation of the gastrointestinal wall.

    With systematic admission increases the risk of formation of phosphate stones due to alkalinization of urine.

    In chronic renal failure may worsen the state due to a shift in the acid-base state to the alkaline side.

    Vomiting with peptic ulcer leads to the loss of chloride ions and increases the severity of alkalosis.

    In diseases of the heart and / or kidneys, excess sodium ions causes edema and heart failure.

    When used to correct acidosis, control of the acid-base state is necessary.

    Long-term use is not recommended due to the risk of developing metabolic alkalosis or overloading with sodium ions.

    In acute acidosis of mild and moderate degree, oral administration is preferred; In severe acidosis, intravenous administration is possible.

    Forms of release for oral administration have a quick, but short antacid effect, have a high neutralizing activity.

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