Included in the formulation
Included in the list (Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2782-r of 30.12.2014):VED
ONLS
АТХ:A.12.A.A.03 Calcium gluconate
A.12.A.A Calcium preparations
Pharmacodynamics:Improves muscle contraction in muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, reduces vascular permeability. It is necessary to maintain stable cardiac activity, the processes of transmission of nerve impulses, participate in the formation of bone tissue, the process of blood coagulation. With intravenous injection causes the excitation of the sympathetic nervous system and increased adrenal secretion of the adrenal glands; has a moderate diuretic effect.
Pharmacokinetics:After ingestion, the drug is rapidly absorbed into the intestine and penetrates into the blood, where it is in the ionized and bound state.Physiological activity is ionized calcium, its depot is bone tissue. It is excreted from the body with urine, but to a large extent - through the intestine.
When parenteral administration is evenly distributed in organs and tissues. About 45% of the drug is in combination with proteins. Penetrates through the placental barrier, into breast milk. It is excreted by the kidneys.
Indications:Hypocalcemia of various genesis, hypoparathyroidism, parenchymal hepatitis, toxic liver damage, nephritis, eclampsia, hyperkalemic form of paroxysmal myoplegia, inflammatory and exudative processes, skin diseases. As an additional tool in the treatment of allergic diseases and drug allergies. As an additional haemostatic agent for pulmonary, gastrointestinal, nasal, uterine bleeding. As an antidote for poisoning with magnesium salts, oxalic acid and its soluble salts.
III.D65-D69 Blood clotting disorders, purpura and other hemorrhagic conditions
IV.E20-E35.E20 Hypoparathyroidism
IV.E50-E64.E58 Alimentary calcium deficiency
IV.E70-E90.E83.5 Disorders of calcium metabolism
XIX.T66-T78.T78.4 Allergy, unspecified
Contraindications:Hypercalcemia, severe hypercalciuria, renal insufficiency, propensity to thrombosis, severe atherosclerosis, treatment with cardiac glycosides, hypersensitivity to calcium gluconate.
Carefully:With caution apply in patients with a small hypercalciuria, with minor impairment of kidney function or with a history of urolithiasis; In these cases, the level of calcium excretion in the urine should be regularly monitored. Patients with a tendency to form concrements in the urine are encouraged to increase the amount of fluid consumed.
It is not recommended to administer intramuscularly to children.
Pregnancy and lactation:It is possible to use during pregnancy and during breastfeeding on strict indications and under constant control of the level of calcium in the blood.
The category of FDA recommendations is not defined.
Dosing and Administration:Inside (before meals), intramuscularly or intravenously (slowly, for 2-3 minutes). Adults 1-3 grams 2-3 times a day, children under 1 year - 0.5 g, 2-4 years - 1 g, 5-6 years - 1-1.5 g, 7-9 years - 1,5-2 g, 10-14 years - 2-3 g 2-3 times a day. Parenterally, adults - 5-10 ml every other day or every 2 days, children, depending on their age - from 1 to 5 ml of solution every 2-3 days.
Side effects:When parenteral introduction - burning in the mouth, a feeling of heat, redness of the face, pain at the injection site. With a rapid intravenous injection - lowering blood pressure, arrhythmia, fainting. When intramuscular injection - the formation of necrosis at the injection site.
When ingestion of heartburn, pain in the abdomen.
Overdose:Symptoms: development hypercalcemia: nausea, vomiting, severe weakness, thirst, drowsiness, impaired orientation, dullness of consciousness, renal failure. Severe hypercalcemia is characterized by an increase symptoms of renal failure, dehydration.
Treatment: calcitonin intravenously drip 5-10 IU / kg per day (diluted in 500 ml isotonic sodium chloride solution, injected for 6 hours).
Interaction:Pharmaceutically incompatible with carbonates, salicylates, sulfates (forms insoluble or hardly soluble calcium salts).
Forms insoluble complexes with antibiotics of the tetracycline series (reduces the antibacterial effect). Calcium gluconate with simultaneous application reduces the effect of calcium channel blockers.Intravenous administration of calcium gluconate before or after verapamil reduces its hypotensive effect, but does not affect its antiarrhythmic effect. Under the influence of colestyramine, the absorption of calcium from the digestive tract decreases. With simultaneous application with quinidine, it is possible to slow intraventricular conduction and increase the toxicity of quinidine. During the treatment with cardiac glycosides, the parenteral administration of calcium gluconate is not recommended, due to the increased cardiotoxic effect. Slows the absorption of tetracyclines, oral iron preparations (the interval between their methods should be at least 2 hours). When combined with thiazide diuretics can increase hypercalcemia, reduce the effect of calcitonin in hypercalcemia, reduces the bioavailability of phenytoin.
Special instructions:When parenteral administration, heat the drug to body temperature, inject slowly. The patient should be in a supine position under constant monitoring of heart rate and ECG. During treatment, it is necessary to monitor the concentration of calcium in the blood serum.
During the treatment period, use caution when driving vehicles, taking up activities,requiring concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.