Ceftazidime is used only parenterally. The dose of the drug is determined individually, taking into account the severity of the disease, localization, type of pathogen and its sensitivity to the drug, the age of the patient and the function of the kidneys. The drug is administered intravenously or deeply intramuscularly into the region of the upper outer quadrant of the gluteus maximus or to the region of the lateral part of the thigh. The solution of ceftazidime can be injected directly into the vein or into the tube of the infusion system.
Usual dose for adults and children over 12 years of age is 1 g intramuscularly or intravenously every 8-12 hours.
- with uncomplicated infections of the urinary tract intramuscularly or intravenously, 250 mg every 12 hours;
- with complicated infections of the urinary tract intramuscularly or intravenously, 500 mg-1 g every 8-12 hours;
- with uncomplicated pneumonia infections of the skin and soft tissues intramuscularly or intravenously, 500 mg - 1 g every 8 hours;
- in cystic fibrosis, respiratory tract infections caused by Pseudomonas spp. from 100 to 150 mg / kg / day, the frequency of administration - 3 times a day (dose up to 9 g / day in such patients did not cause complications);
- for infections of bones and joints, intravenously, 2 g every 12 hours;
- In severe infections, including intrahospital intravenously, 2 g every 8 hours;
- with extremely severe or life-threatening infections, intravenously, 2 g every 8 hours. Older patients with a maximum daily dose should not exceed 3 g.
Patients with renal insufficiency require a dose reduction, since ceftazidime is excreted by the kidneys unchanged.
The initial dose is 1 g. The maintenance dose is selected depending on the rate of glomerular filtration.
Supportive doses of ceftazidime in renal failure are presented in the table.
| CREATINE CREATININE | DOSE |
| > 50 ml / min (0.83 ml / s) | See section "Usual dose for adults and children over 12 years" |
| 35-50 ml / min (0.52 - 0.83 ml / sec) | 1 g every 12 h |
| 16-30 ml / min (0.27-0.50 ml / s) | 1 g every 24 h |
| 6-15 ml / min (0.10-0.25 ml / s) | 500 mg every 24 hours h |
| <5 ml / min (0.08 ml / s) | 500 mg every 48 hours |
| Patients undergoing hemodialysis | 1 g after each hemodialysis session |
| Patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis | 500 mg every 24 hours |
Patients with severe infections you can increase the maintenance dose by 50% or increase the frequency of administration of the drug. In this case, the level of ceftazidime should be monitored in serum, the serum concentration of ceftazidime should not exceed 40 mg / l.
For children The creatinine clearance is calculated according to the ideal mass or surface area of the body.
The half-life of the drug during hemodialysis is 3-5 hours. The appropriate dose of the drug should be repeated after each period of dialysis.
When peritoneal dialysis a drug ceftazidime can be included in the dialysis solution at a dose of 125 mg to 250 mg per 2 liters of dialysis solution.In patients with renal insufficiency, on continuous hemodialysis using an arteriovenous shunt, and in patients on high-speed haemofiltration in the intensive care unit, the recommended dose is 1 g daily for one or more injections.
Patients on low-speed haemofiltration are prescribed doses recommended for renal dysfunction.
Usual dose for children:
Children under 2 months prescribe 25 - 60 mg / kg per day (in 2 injections).
Children from 2 months to 12 years appoint 30-100 mg / kg per day (in 2-3 injections), children with reduced immunity, cystic fibrosis and meningitis - 150 mg / kg per day (in 3 injections).
The maximum daily dose for children is 6 g.
Duration of treatment
The duration of treatment with ceftazidime is 7-14 days. In infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, meningitis) treatment course can be increased up to 21 days.
Preparation of solutions
1. "PRIMARY "DISTRIBUTION
| DOSAGE | VOLUME OF SOLVENT WHEN INTRINSICALLY INTRODUCED | SOLVENT VOLUME IN INTRAVENOUS INTRODUCTION |
| 500 mg | 1.5 ml of water for injection or 0.5% or 1% solution of lidocaine hydrochloride | 5 ml of water for injection |
| 1.0 g; 2.0 g | 3 ml of water for injection or 0.5% or 1% solution of lidocaine hydrochloride | 10 ml of water for injection |
2. "SECONDARY "BREEDING
For intravenous DROPS introduction, as described above the solution of the preparation is further diluted in 50 - 100 ml of one of the following solvents intended for intravenous administration:
- 0.9% solution of sodium chloride,
- Ringer's solution,
- 5%, 10% glucose solution (dextrose),
- 5% glucose solution (dextrose) with 0.9% sodium solution chloride.
When the powder is dissolved, carbon dioxide is released. After the introduction of the solvent, the vial must be shaken to obtain a clear solution. In the final solution prepared, small bubbles of carbon dioxide may be present.
The resulting solution may have a color from light yellow to dark yellow. If all the recommended rules for dilution of the drug are observed, then its effectiveness does not depend on the shade.
Use only freshly prepared solution!