Sodium chloride - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Pharmacodynamics:Sodium chloride maintains the corresponding osmotic pressure of blood plasma and extracellular fluid. Increases the volume of circulating blood, normalizes the water-electrolyte composition of blood, has a detoxification effect.

Pharmacokinetics:Sodium ions penetrate the placental barrier and into breast milk.Renal excretion is performed (potassium ions - in distal tubules in exchange for sodium ions or hydrogen), a small amount excreted in sweat.

Indications:Shock, thermal injury, acute blood loss, acute intestinal infection, dehydration. Correction of water and salt balance in acute diffuse peritonitis, intestinal obstruction. Decompensation of electrolyte disturbances in patients with intestinal fistulas.

ICD-10

I.A00-A09.A00.9 Cholera, unspecified

IV.E70-E90.E86 Reduction of the volume of the liquid

IV.E70-E90.E87.1 Hypoosmolarity and hyponatremia

XI.K20-K31.K30 Dyspepsia

XI.K50-K52.K52.1 Toxic gastroenteritis and colitis

XI.K55-K63.K56.6 Other and unspecified intestinal obstruction

XI.K90-K93.K92.2 Gastrointestinal bleeding, unspecified

XVIII.R10-R19.R11 Nausea and vomiting

XVIII.R50-R69.R58 Bleeding, not elsewhere classified

XIX.T20-T32.T30 Thermal and chemical burns, unspecified

XIX.T51-T65.T57.8 Toxic effect of other specified inorganic substances

XIX.T79.T79.3 Post-traumatic wound infection, not elsewhere classified

XXI.Z100.Z100 * CLASS XXII Surgical Practice

Contraindications:Hypersensitivity, hypernatremia, hyperchloremia; acidosis, chronic heart failure, cerebral edema, pulmonary edema; chronic renal failure, concomitant treatment with glucocorticoids.

Carefully:With caution in hypertension, heart failure, peripheral edema or pulmonary edema, renal failure, pre-eclampsia, and other conditions associated with sodium ion retention.

Pregnancy and lactation:The category of FDA recommendations is not defined. The drug is not recommended for pregnancy and during breastfeeding.

Dosing and Administration:Medical plasmapheresis - the solution is administered in a double volume in comparison with the removed plasma (1,2-2,4 l), with pronounced hypovolemia together with colloidal solutions. The maximum volume of the injected solution is 3 liters per day.

Intravenous drip (60-80 drops per minute) or spray; daily dose of 5-20 ml / kg (up to 30-50 ml / kg). The course of treatment is 3-5 days. When shock dehydration should start with a dose of 20-30 ml / kg. The course of treatment is 3-5 days.

Side effects:Allergic reactions, hyperhydration, hypokalemia.

Side effects associated with electrolyte imbalance due to excess sodium or with the effects of the actual sodium and chloride ions, the accumulation of extracellular fluid to maintain normal osmolarity of the plasma: hypernatremia (thirst, reduced salivation and tear, fever, sweating,tachycardia, hypo- or hypertension, headache, dizziness, restlessness, irritability, weakness, muscle twitching, or stiffness; dehydration of the brain, drowsiness, confusion and convulsions, coma, respiratory failure, death), the risk of edema of the lungs and peripheral edema; risk of loss of bicarbonate with subsequent acidifying effect.

Overdose:When an overdose develops edema of the papillae of the optic nerve, cerebral edema, convulsions, hyperthermia. The toxic dose of sodium chloride is 100-150 g.

Treatment: gastric lavage, symptomatic maintenance therapy, hemodialysis.

Interaction:Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, androgens, estrogens, anabolic hormones, corticotropin, mineralocorticoids, vasodilators or ganglion blockers lead to an increase in Na + delay.

Special instructions:No data.

Instructions

Sodium chloride (Natrii chloridum)