Retinol acetate - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Pharmacodynamics:Retinol is a necessary component for the normal function of the retina of the eye; it binds to opsin (the red pigment of the mesh shell), forming a visual purple rhodopsin, necessary for visual adaptation in the dark. Vitamin A is essential for bone growth, normal reproductive function, embryonic development, for regulation of epithelial division and differentiation (enhances the reproduction of skin epithelial cells, rejuvenates the cellular population, inhibits keratinization processes). Vitamin A takes part as a cofactor in various biochemical processes.

Pharmacokinetics:Quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (mainly from the 12-finger and jejunum), the presence of bile acids, pancreatic lipase, proteins and fats is required. The connection with plasma proteins (lipoproteins) is normal - less than 5%; when excessive intake of vitamin A with food and overflow to the liver depot, its connection with lipoproteinsplasma can reach 65%. The amount of bound vitamin A with lipoproteins can increase with hyperlipoproteinemia. When released from the depot of the liver, vitamin A forms a complex with retinol-binding protein, in the form of which circulates in the blood. In small amounts penetrates into breast milk and through the placenta. It is deposited in the liver (approximately in the amount of the biennial needs of the adult organism), in small amounts - in the kidneys, lungs. To mobilize vitamin A from the depot, zinc-containing substances are required.
Metabolised in the liver. It is excreted through the rectum (non-sucking part) and kidneys.

Indications:Hypovitaminosis, avitaminosis A.
- Complex therapy of infectious (including chronic) and colds (measles, influenza, tracheitis, bronchitis);
- lesions and skin diseases (frostbite, burns, wounds, erosion, ulcers, cracks, ichthyosis, hyperkeratosis, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, neurodermatitis, some forms of eczema, skin tuberculosis);
- eye diseases (pigment retinitis, hemeralopia, xerophthalmia, keratomalacia, eczematous lesions of the eyelids);
- gastrointestinal diseases (erosive gastroduodenitis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum).

Contraindications:Hypersensitivity to the drug components, hypervitaminosis A, pregnancy, cholelithiasis, chronic pancreatitis, acute inflammatory skin diseases, childhood to 7 years.

Carefully:

Apply for nephritis, heart failure II-III alcoholism, liver cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, renal failure, in the elderly and childhood.

Dosing and Administration:The drug should be used under medical supervision. The drug is taken orally (through 10-15 minutes after eating) early in the morning or late in the evening.
The highest single therapeutic dose for adults - 50000 ME, daily - 100000 ME; for children, respectively - 5000 ME and 20000 ME.
C therapeutic purpose for avitaminosis of mild and moderate severity is prescribed by adults to 33000 ME per day (retinol acetate solution in oil 3,44% - 6 drops), children older 7 years on 5000 ME per day (1 drop of retinol acetate solution in oil 3,44%).
When diseases of the eyes are prescribed for adults - 50000-100000 ME per day (a solution of retinol acetate in oil 3,44% - 10 - 20 drops) and simultaneously 0.02 g of riboflavin.
When skin diseases are prescribed for adults per day by 50000-100000 ME retinol acetate and 5000 - 10000 - 20000 ME children.
With burns, ulcers and frostbite at the same time as the preparation is administered, the local treatment of the affected skin with an oil solution of vitamin A.
On the previously cleaned affected area of the skin, apply the drug and cover with gauze (up to 5-6 once a day, as scarring and epithelization, the lubrication frequency is reduced to 1 times a day).

Side effects:

Prolonged daily intake of vitamin A can cause intoxication, hypervitaminosis A. Symptoms of hypervitaminosis A in adults - headache, drowsiness, lethargy, hyperemia of the face, nausea, vomiting, tenderness in the bones of the lower extremities, gait disturbance. Children can be observed: fever, drowsiness, sweating, vomiting, skin rashes.

Overdose:Symptoms of acute overdose (develop through 6 hours after the administration): hypervitaminosis A: in adults - drowsiness, lethargy, double vision, dizziness, severe headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, irritability, bleeding gums, dryness and ulceration of the oral mucosa, exfoliation of the lips, skin (especially palms), confusion, increased intracranial pressure,
Symptoms of chronic intoxication: loss of appetite, bone pain, cracks and dry skin, dryness of the oral mucosa, gastralgia, vomiting, hyperthermia, asthenia,increased fatigue, severe abdominal pain, headache, photosensitivity, pollakiuria, nocturia, polyuria, irritability, hair loss, yellow-orange spots on the soles, palms, nasolabial triangle, hepatotoxic phenomena, intraocular hypertension, oligomenorrhoea, portal hypertension, hemolytic anemia, changes in radiographs of bones, convulsions.
In children, acute hypervitaminosis is characterized by anxiety, excitement, insomnia during the first 24 hours, somnolence sometimes occurs, 39 ⁰C, vomiting, protrusion of a large fontanel, signs of suffocation.
Treatment: withdrawal of the drug, symptomatic therapy.

Interaction:During prolonged therapy with tetracyclines, vitamin A is not recommended (the risk of developing intracranial hypertension increases).
Oral contraceptives increase the concentration of vitamin A in the plasma. Kolestyramine, colestipol, mineral oils, neomycin reduce absorption of vitamin A (you may need to increase its dose).
Isotretinoin increases the risk of toxic effects.

Special instructions:

Do not take at the same time other multivitamin complexes containing vitamin A in order to avoid an overdose.

Form release / dosage:Solution for oral and external use (oily solution 3,44% (100000 ME).

Packaging:

By 10 ml in vials of glass mass or bottles of screw polymer with the control of the first opening.

Each the bottle is put in a pack of cardboard for consumer containers.

Storage conditions:AT sheltered from the world, with temperature not higher 10 ⁰C. Keep in a place inaccessible to children.

Shelf life:

2 of the year. Use at the latest on the date indicated on the package.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:Without recipe

Registration number:LSR-005215/10

Date of registration:26.09.2012

The owner of the registration certificate:TECHNOLOG, PAO TECHNOLOG, PAO Ukraine

Manufacturer: & nbsp

TECHNOLOG, PAO Ukraine

Representation: & nbspFARMKOMPLEKT, LLCFARMKOMPLEKT, LLCRussia

Information update date: & nbsp05.08.2015

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Retinol acetate (Retinol acetate)