Calcium gluconate - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

The preparation of calcium replenishes calcium deficiency (Ca²⁺), necessary for the process of transmission of nerve impulses, reduction of skeletal and smooth muscles, myocardial activity, formation of bone tissue, and clotting of blood.

Pharmacokinetics:

After parenteral administration, the drug with blood flow is evenly distributed in all tissues and organs. In plasma about 45% is in complex with proteins. Passes through the placental barrier, enters the breast milk. It is excreted from the body mainly by the kidneys.

Indications:

Diseases accompanied by hypocalcemia, increased permeability of cell membranes (including blood vessels), impaired conduction of nerve impulses in muscle tissue.

Hypoparathyroidism (latent tetany, osteoporosis), metabolic disturbances of the vitamin D: rickets (spasmophilia, osteomalacia), hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.

Increased demand for Ca²⁺ (pregnancy, lactation period, period of increased growth of the body), insufficient content of Ca²⁺ in food, a violation of its metabolism (in the postmenopausal period).

Enhanced elimination of Ca²⁺ (prolonged bed rest, chronic diarrhea, secondary hypocalcemia, long-term use of diuretics and antiepileptic drugs, glucocorticosteroids).

Bleeding of various etiologies; allergic diseases (serum sickness, urticaria, febrile syndrome, itching, itching dermatoses,reactions to the introduction of drugs and the intake of food, angioedema, edema); dystrophic alimentary swelling, pulmonary tuberculosis, lead colic; eclampsia.

Hyperkaliemic form of paroxysmal myoplegia.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, hypercalcemia (concentration of Ca²⁺ should not exceed 12 mg% or 6 mEq / L), severe hypercalciuria, nephrourolythiasis (calcium), sarcoidosis, cardiac glycoside intoxication (risk of arrhythmias).

Carefully:

Dehydration, electrolyte disorders (risk of hypercalcemia), diarrhea, malabsorption syndrome, calcium nephrourolythiasis in history, chronic renal failure, chronic heart failure, ventricular fibrillation, widespread atherosclerosis, hypercoagulation, childhood (for intramuscular injection, the risk of necrosis).

Dosing and Administration:

Intramuscularly, intravenously slowly (for 2-3 minutes) or drip, adult - 5-10 ml of 10% solution daily, every other day or 2 days (depending on the nature of the disease and the patient's condition).Children - intravenously slowly (within 2-3 minutes) or drip, depending on the age, from 1 to 5 ml of 10% solution every 2-3 days. The solution before the introduction is warmed to body temperature. The syringe for the administration of calcium gluconate should not contain ethanol residues (in order to avoid the precipitation of calcium gluconate). Children intramuscularly not recommended because of the possible development of necrosis.

Side effects:

With intramuscular and intravenous administration - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bradycardia. With intravenous injection - burning in the mouth, a feeling of heat, with rapid intravenous administration - lowering blood pressure, arrhythmia, fainting, cardiac arrest.

When intramuscular injection - necrosis at the site of injection.

Overdose:

Symptoms: the development of hypercalcemia, with rapid intravenous injection - lowering blood pressure, arrhythmia, fainting, cardiac arrest.

Treatment: calcitonin, intravenously from the calculation 5-10 IU / kg of body weight / day (the drug is diluted in 500 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, injected drip for 6 hours).

Interaction:

It is pharmaceutically incompatible with ethanol, carbonates, salicylates, sulfates (it forms insoluble or hardly soluble calcium salts).Forms insoluble complexes with antibiotics of the tetracycline series (reduces the antibacterial effect).

Reduces the effect of blockers of slow calcium channels (intravenous calcium gluconate before and after verapamil reduces its hypotensive effect).

With simultaneous application with quinidine, it is possible to slow intraventricular conduction and increase the toxicity of quinidine.

During the treatment with cardiac glycosides, parenteral calcium gluconate is not recommended (cardiotoxic effect of glycosides may be increased). Slows the absorption of tetracyclines, digoxin, oral iron preparations (the interval between their methods should be at least 2 hours). When combined with thiazide diuretics can increase hypercalcemia, reduce the effect of calcitonin in hypercalcemia, reduces the bioavailability of phenytoin.

Special instructions:

Patients with minor hypercalciuria, reduced glomerular filtration or with nephrolithiasis in history should be administered with caution and under the control of calcium in the urine. Drinking plenty is recommended to reduce the risk of developing nephrolithiasis.

Form release / dosage:

Solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection 100 mg / ml.

Packaging:

By 1,2, 5 or 10 ml into neutral glass ampoules. For 10 ampoules together with the instruction for use and a knife for opening ampoules or a scarifier ampoule in a box of cardboard. 5 ampoules per circuit cell box made of polyvinyl chloride film and foil of aluminum printed lacquered or foil-free. 2 contoured cell packs together with instructions for use and a knife for opening ampoules or a scarifier ampullum in a pack of cardboard. When using ampoules with notches, rings and dots, the ampoule scaper or ampoule opener is not inserted.

Storage conditions:

In a dry, dark place at a temperature of 20 to 30 ° C.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

2 years. Do not use after the expiration date printed on the package.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:LSR-005096/10

Date of registration:01.06.2010

Expiration Date:Unlimited

The owner of the registration certificate:DALHIMFARM, OJSC DALHIMFARM, OJSC Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

DALHIMFARM, OJSC Russia

Information update date: & nbsp23.11.2017

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Calcium gluconate (Calcium gluconate)