Calcium gluconate - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

Pharmacodynamics:Calcium ions are involved in the process of transmission of nerve impulses. Calcium is needed to reduce skeletal and smooth muscles, heart muscle, to form bone tissue, for normal blood clotting.

Pharmacokinetics:In the blood plasma calcium is in ionized form.Passes through the placental barrier, enters the breast milk. It is excreted from the body mainly by the kidneys.

Indications:

Diseases accompanied by hypocalcemia, increased permeability of cell membranes (including blood vessels), impaired conduction of nerve impulses in muscle tissue. Hypoparathyroidism (latent tetany, osteoporosis), metabolic disturbances of the vitamin D: rickets (spasmophilia, osteomalacia), hyperphosphataemia in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Increased demand for Ca²⁺ (pregnancy, lactation period, period of increased growth of the body), insufficient content of Ca²⁺ in food, a violation of its metabolism (in the postmenopausal period). Enhanced elimination of Ca²⁺ (prolonged bed rest, chronic diarrhea, secondary hypocalcemia, long-term use of diuretics and antiepileptic drugs, glucocorticoid agents). Bleeding of various etiologies; allergic diseases (serum sickness, urticaria, febrile syndrome, itching, itching dermatoses, reactions to medication administration and food intake, angioedema); bronchial asthma, dystrophic alimentary swelling, pulmonary tuberculosis, lead colic; eclampsia.Poisoning with magnesium salts, oxalic and fluoric acids and their soluble salts (in the interaction with calcium gluconate insoluble and non-toxic calcium oxalate and calcium fluoride are formed). Parenchymal hepatitis, toxic liver damage, nephritis, hyperkalemic form of paroxysmal myoplegia.

Contraindications:

The drug is not recommended for use with a tendency to thrombosis, high calcium content in the blood. Hypersensitivity, expressions of hypercalciuria, nefrourolitiaz (calcium), sarcoidosis, simultaneous reception of cardiac glycosides (risk of arrhythmias).

Carefully:

Dehydration, electrolyte disorders (risk of hypercalcemia), diarrhea, malabsorption syndrome, calcium nephrourolythiasis (in the anamnesis), minor hypercalciuria, mild chronic renal failure, chronic heart failure, widespread atherosclerosis, hypercoagulation, for intramuscular injection - childhood (risk of necrosis) .

Pregnancy and lactation:

It is recommended to use for hypocalcemia.

Dosing and Administration:

Intramuscularly, intravenously slowly (for 2-3 min) or drip, adult - 5-10 ml of 100 mg / ml solution daily, every other day or 2 days (depending on the nature of the disease and the patient's condition). Children - intravenously slowly (within 2-3 min) or drip, depending on the age, from 1 to 5 ml of 100 mg / ml solution every 2-3 days. The solution before the introduction is warmed to body temperature. The syringe for the administration of calcium gluconate should not contain ethanol residues (in order to avoid the precipitation of calcium gluconate).

Side effects:

With intravenous administration, in rare cases, cardiac rhythm disturbances, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, slowing of the pulse, burning in the oral cavity, a feeling of heat, with rapid intravenous administration - lowering blood pressure, arrhythmia, fainting, cardiac arrest. When intramuscular injection - necrosis at the site of injection.

Overdose:

Symptoms of hypercalcemia, weakness, polydipsia, polyuria, nausea, vomiting, increased blood pressure, followed by the development of dehydration, hypotension and collapse, inhibition and stupor.

Treatment: parenterally - 5-10 IU / kg / day of calcitonin (diluting it in 500 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution). Duration of administration 6 hours.

Interaction:

Pharmaceutically incompatible with carbonates, salicylates, sulfates (forms insoluble or sparingly soluble salts of Ca²⁺). Forms insoluble complexes with antibiotics of the tetracycline series (reduces the antibacterial effect). Reduces the effect of blockers of slow calcium channels (intravenous calcium gluconate before or after verapamil reduces its hypotensive effect). With simultaneous application with quinidine, it is possible to slow intraventricular conduction and increase the toxicity of quinidine. During the treatment with cardiac glycosides, parenteral calcium gluconate is not recommended (cardiotoxic effect of glycosides may be increased). Slows the absorption of tetracyclines, digoxin, oral drugs Fe (the interval between their methods should be at least 2 hours). When combined with thiazide diuretics can increase hypercalcemia, reduce the effect of calcitonin in hypercalcemia, reduces the bioavailability of phenytoin.

Special instructions:

With caution apply in patients with a small hypercalciuria, with minor impairment of kidney function or with a history of urolithiasis; In these cases, the level of calcium excretion in the urine should be regularly monitored.Patients with a tendency to form concrements in the urine are encouraged to increase the amount of fluid consumed. It is not recommended to administer intramuscularly to children. Calcium gluconate with simultaneous application reduces the effect of calcium channel blockers. Intravenous administration of calcium gluconate before or after verapamil reduces its hypotensive effect, but does not affect its antiarrhythmic effect. With simultaneous application with quinidine, it is possible to slow intraventricular conduction and increase the toxicity of quinidine. During the treatment with cardiac glycosides, the parenteral administration of calcium gluconate is not recommended, due to the increased cardiotoxic effect.

Form release / dosage:

Solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection 100 mg / ml.

Packaging:

10 ml of the drug in ampoules.

For 5 or 10 ampoules in contour cell packs from a polyvinyl chloride film.

For 10 ampoules together with instructions for medical use and scarifier ampullum in a cardboard bundle with cardboard partitions.

When using ampoules with a notch or a fracture ring, the scarifier is not inserted.

For 1 or 2 outline carton packs along with instructions for use in a cardboard pack.

Storage conditions:

In the dark place at a temperature of at least 20 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

2 years. Do not use after the expiration date printed on the package.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:Without recipe

Registration number:LSR-007580/08

Date of registration:19.09.2008

Expiration Date:Unlimited

The owner of the registration certificate:ESKOM NPK, OAO ESKOM NPK, OAO Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

ESKOM NPK, OAO Russia

Information update date: & nbsp23.11.2017

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Calcium gluconate (Calcium gluconate)