Calcium gluconate - instructions for use, dose, side effects, contraindications

The preparation of calcium replenishes the deficiency of calcium ions necessary for the process of nerve impulse transmission, reduction of skeletal and smooth muscles, myocardial activity, bone formation, and clotting of blood.

With intravenous injection stimulates the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, enhances the secretion of epinephrine by the adrenal glands, and has a moderate diuretic effect.

Pharmacokinetics:

After parenteral administration, the drug with blood flow is evenly distributed in all tissues and organs. In plasma about 45% is in complex with proteins. Passes through the placental barrier, enters the breast milk. It is excreted from the body mainly by the kidneys.

Indications:

Diseases accompanied by: hypocalcemia, increased permeability of cell membranes (including blood vessels), impaired conduction of nerve impulses in muscle tissue.

Hypoparathyroidism (latent tetany, osteoporosis), a violation of vitamin exchange D: rickets (spasmophilia, osteomalacia), hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.

The increased need for calcium (pregnancy, lactation, the period of intensive growth of the organism), the lack of calcium in the diet, the violation of its exchange (post-menopausal).

Enhanced excretion of calcium (prolonged bed rest, chronic diarrhea, secondary hypocalcemia, long-term use of diuretics and antiepileptic drugs, glucocorticosteroids).

Bleeding of various etiologies; allergic diseases (serum sickness, urticaria, febrile syndrome, itching,itchy dermatoses, reactions to the administration of drugs and the intake of food, angioedema, edema); bronchial asthma, dystrophic alimentary swelling, pulmonary tuberculosis, rickets, osteomalacia, lead colic; eclampsia.

Parenchymal hepatitis, toxic liver damage, nephritis, hyperkalemic form of paroxysmal myoplegia.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, hypercalcemia (Ca 2+ concentration should not exceed 12 mg% or 6 mEq / L), expressed hypercalciuria, nephrourolythiasis (calcium), sarcoidosis, simultaneous reception of cardiac glycosides (risk of arrhythmias).

Carefully:

Dehydration, electrolyte disorders (risk of hypercalcemia), diarrhea, calcium nephrourolythiasis (in the anamnesis), minor hypercalciuria, moderate chronic renal failure, chronic circulatory failure, widespread atherosclerosis, hypercoagulation, children's age (for intramuscular injection, the risk of necrosis).

Dosing and Administration:

Intramuscularly, intravenously slowly (for 2-3 minutes) or drip, adult - 5-10 ml of the solution 100 mg / ml daily, every other day or 2 days (depending on the nature of the disease and the patient's condition).Children - intravenously slowly (within 2-3 min) or drip, depending on the age, from 1 to 5 ml of the solution 100 mg / ml every 2-3 days. The solution before the introduction is warmed to body temperature. The syringe for the administration of calcium gluconate should not contain ethanol residues (in order to avoid the precipitation of calcium gluconate). Children intramuscularly administer the drug is not recommended because of the possible development of necrosis.

Side effects:

With intramuscular and intravenous administration, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and bradycardia can occur. With intravenous administration, burning in the oral cavity, a sensation of fever, with a rapid intravenous injection - a decrease in blood pressure, arrhythmia, fainting, cardiac arrest can be observed. With intramuscular injection, necrosis can occur at the site of administration.

Overdose:

Symptoms: hypercalcemia.

Treatment: calcitonin, intravenously from the calculation of 5-10 IU / kg bw / day (the drug is diluted in 500 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, injected drip for 6 hours).

Interaction:

It is pharmaceutically incompatible with ethanol, carbonates, salicylates, sulfates (it forms insoluble or hardly soluble calcium salts). Forms insoluble complexes with antibiotics of the tetracycline series (reduces the antibacterial effect).

Reduces the effect of blockers of "slow" calcium channels (intravenous calcium gluconate before and after verapamil reduces its hypotensive effect).

With simultaneous application with quinidine, it is possible to slow intraventricular conduction and increase the toxicity of quinidine.

During the treatment with cardiac glycosides, parenteral calcium gluconate is not recommended (cardiotoxic effect of glycosides may be increased). When combined with thiazide diuretics can increase hypercalcemia, reduce the effect of calcitonin in hypercalcemia, reduces the bioavailability of phenytoin.

Special instructions:

Patients with minor hypercalciuria, reduced glomerular filtration or with nephrourolythiasis in anamnesis should be administered with caution and under the control of calcium in the urine. Drinking plenty is recommended to reduce the risk of nephrourolythiasis.

Form release / dosage:

Solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection 100 mg / ml.

Packaging:

5 and 10 ml into neutral glass ampoules.

For 10 ampoules together with instructions for use and scarifier ampoule in a box of cardboard.

5 ampoules of 5 ml each in a planar cell package. 2 contour packs with instructions for use and a scapegrator in a pack of cardboard.

When using ampoules with a notch, dot or ring fracture, the scarifier is not inserted.

Storage conditions:

In the dark place at a temperature of 20 to 35 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life:

2 years. Do not use after the expiry date printed on the package.

Terms of leave from pharmacies:On prescription

Registration number:P N001336 / 01

Date of registration:21.11.2008 / 05.09.2013

Expiration Date:Unlimited

The owner of the registration certificate:MOSHIMFARM PREPARATES them. N.А.Semashko, OJSC MOSHIMFARM PREPARATES them. N.А.Semashko, OJSC Russia

Manufacturer: & nbsp

MOSHIMFARM PREPARATES them. NA Semashko OJSC Russia

Information update date: & nbsp23.11.2017

Illustrated instructions

Instructions

Calcium gluconate (Calcium gluconate)