Method of dilution of 40% glucose solution to obtain a solution of the required concentration:
To prepare a 5% solution of glucose it is necessary to take 1 part of 40% glucose solution and 7 parts water, i.e. Displace 5 ml of 40% glucose solution with 35 ml of water for injection (for an ampoule of 5 ml), or mix 10 ml of a 40% glucose solution with 70 ml of water for injection (for a 10 ml ampoule).
To prepare 10% glucose solution it is necessary to take 1 part 40% solution of glucose and 3 parts of water, ie: mix 5 ml of 40% glucose solution with 15 ml of water for injection (for a 5 ml ampoule), or mix 10 ml of 40% glucose solution with 30 ml of water for injection (for a 10 ml ampoule).
To prepare 20% glucose solution it is necessary to take 1 part 40% glucose solution and 1 part of water, ie: mix 5 ml of 40% glucose solution with 5 ml of water for injection (for an ampoule of 5 ml), or mix 10 ml of 40% glucose solution with 10 ml of water for injection (for ampoules volume of 10 ml).
To prepare 25% glucose solution it is necessary to take 1 part of a 40% solution of glucose and 0.6 parts of water, ie: mix 5 ml of 40% glucose solution with 3 ml of water for injection (for a 5 ml ampoule), or mix 10 ml of 40% glucose solution with 6 ml of water for injection (for a 10 ml ampoule).
Intravenously, drip.
5% solution injected at a maximum rate of up to 7 ml (150 cap / min) (400 ml / h); the maximum daily intake for adults is 2 liters.
10% solution - up to 60 cap / min (3 ml / min); the maximum daily intake for adults is 1L.
20% solution - up to 30-40 cap / min 1,5-2 ml / min; the maximum daily intake for adults is 500 ml.
40% solution - up to 30 cap / min (1.5 ml / min); the maximum daily intake for adults is 250 ml.
Intravenously, intravenously - 10-50 ml of 5 and 10% solutions.
In adults with a normal metabolism, the daily dose of dextrose administered should not exceed 4-6 g / kg, i.e. about 250-450 g (with a decrease in the metabolic rate, the daily dose is reduced to 200-300 g), while the daily volume of the injected liquid is 30-40 ml / kg.
Children for parenteral nutrition, along with fats and amino acids, 6 g of dextrose / kg / day are administered on the first day, followed by up to 15 g / kg / day.
Rate of administration: at a normal state of metabolism, the maximum rate of glucose administration to adults is 0.25-0.5 g / kg / h (with a decrease in metabolic rate, the rate of administration is reduced to 0.125-0.25 g / kg / h). Children use solutions with a concentration of not more than 20-25%; the rate of dextrose administration should not exceed 0.75 g / kg / h.
When calculating the dose of dextrose with the administration of 5 and 10% solutions, one must take into account allowable volume of injected liquid: for children with a body weight of 2-10 kg - 100-165 ml / kg / day, children with a body weight of 10-40 kg - 45-100 ml / kg / day.
For a more complete assimilation of glucose, administered in large doses, concomitantly with it prescribe insulin of short action, from the calculation of 1 unit of short-acting insulin for 4-5 g of glucose.
Patients with diabetes mellitus are administered glucose under the control of its content in the blood and urine.