Intravenously sprayed or drip.
Glucose solutions are injected into the peripheral or central vein. The concentration and dose of the solution administered depend on the age, body weight and severity of the patient's condition.
In adults with a normal metabolism, the daily dose of glucose administered should not exceed 4-6 g / kg, i.e. about 250-450 g (with a decrease in the metabolic rate, the daily dose is reduced to 200-300 g), while the daily volume of the injected liquid is 30-40 ml / kg.
Children for parenteral nutrition along with fats and amino acids on the first day, 6 g of glucose / kg / day, followed by up to 15 g / kg / day.
The rate of administration: at the normal state of metabolism, the maximum rate of administration to adults is 0.25-0.5 g / kg / h (with a decrease in the intensity of the metabolism, the rate of administration is reduced to 0.125-0.25 g / kg / h). In children, the rate of glucose administration should not exceed 0.5 g / kg / h.
For more complete assimilation of dextrose, administered in large doses, concomitantly administer insulin of short action at the rate of 1 unit of insulin per 4-5 g of dextrose. Patients with diabetes mellitus are given glucose under the control of its content in the blood and urine.
5% glucose solution: the recommended dose as a source of carbohydrates (alone or as part of parenteral nutrition if necessary):
For adults: 500-3000 ml and a day.
For children, including newborns:
- with a body weight of 0-10 kg - 100 ml / kg per day;
- with a body weight of 10-20 kg - 1000 ml + additional 50 ml for each kg of body weight over 10 kg per day;
- with a body weight of more than 20 kg - 1500 ml + additional 20 ml for each kg of body weight over 20 kg per day.
The speed and volume of infusion depends on the age, body weight, clinical condition and metabolism of the patient, as well as from concomitant therapy. In children, they should be determined by the attending physician who has experience of using intravenous drugs in this category of patients.
Do not exceed the glucose disposal threshold in the body to avoid hyperglycemia, so the maximum dose of dextrose varies from 5 mg / kg / min for adults and 10-18 mg / kg / min for newborns and children, depending on age and total body weight.
The recommended dose for dilution and dissolution of parenterally administrable drugs is usually 50-250 ml per dose of the drug administered, however, the required volume should be determined based on the instructions for the use of the added medications. In this case, the dose and rate of administration of the solution are determined by the properties and dosage regimen of the diluted drug.
A 5% solution of glucose can be injected intravenously with 10-50 ml of jet.
10% glucose solution:
Adults and Seniors:
Table 1. Recommendations for dosing of dextrose solutions in adults (70 kg) *
| Indication for use | Initial daily dose | Infusion rate | Recommended duration of application |
| As a source of carbohydrates (alone or as part of parenteral nutrition if necessary) | 500-3000 ml per day (7-40 ml / kg per day) | The maximum recommended infusion rate should not exceed the glucose disposal threshold in the patient's body, as this can lead to hyperglycemia: 5 mg / kg / min (3 ml / kg / h) | The duration of treatment depends on the clinical condition of the patient |
| Prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia |
| Rehydration in case of fluid loss and dehydration in patients with high carbohydrate requirement |
| For dilution and dissolution of parenterally administered drugs | 50-250 ml per dose of the drug administered | Depending on the diluted drug | Depending on the diluted drug |
* Maximum volumes within the recommended dosage should be administered within 24 hours to avoid hemodilution.
Children and teens
Speed, volume of infusion and duration of administration The solutions depend on the age, body weight, clinical condition and metabolism of the patient, and also on concomitant therapy. They should be determined by the attending physician who has experience of using intravenous drugs in children.
Table 2. Recommendations for dosing in children and adolescents
| Indication for use | Initial daily dose | Initial infusion rate * |
| Newborns and premature babies | Infants and young children (1-23 months) | Children (2-11 years) | Teens (from 12 to 16-18 years) |
| As a source of carbohydrates (alone or as part of parenteral nutrition if necessary) | - with a mass of 0-10 kg - 100 ml / kg / day; - with a weight of 10 to 20 kg - 1000 ml + additional 50 ml for each kg of body weight over 10 kg / day; - with a mass exceeding 20 kg - 1500 ml + additional 20 ml for each kg of body weight over 20 kg / day | 6-11 ml / kg / h (10-18 mg / kg / min) | 5-11 ml / kg / h (9-18 mg / kg / min) | 4-8 ml / kg / h (7-14 mg / kg / min) | From 4 ml / kg / h (7-8.5 mg / kg / min) |
| Prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia |
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| Rehydration in case of fluid loss and dehydration in patients with high carbohydrate requirement |
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| For dilution and dissolution of parenterally administered drugs | Initial dose: from 50 to 100 ml per dose of the drug administered. Regardless of age. Infusion rate: depending on the diluted drug. Regardless of age. |
* The speed, volume of infusion and duration of treatment depend on the age, body weight, clinical condition and metabolism of the patient, and also on concomitant therapy. They should be determined by the attending physician, having experience in the use of intravenous drugs in children.
Note: Maximum volumes within the recommended dosage should be administered within 24 hours to avoid hemodilution.
The maximum infusion rate should not exceed the glucose disposal threshold in the patient's body, as this can lead to hyperglycemia.
Depending on the clinical state of the patient, the rate of administration may be reduced to reduce the risk of osmotic diuresis.
When using the drug for dilution and dissolution of medications for infusion introduction, the required volume is determined based on the instructions for the use of added medications.
A 10% glucose solution can be injected intravenously with 10-50 ml of jet.
20% glucose solution:
Introduction 20% glucose solution is carried out only through the central vein. The rate of administration of the solution is up to 30-40 cap / min (1.5-2 ml / min). The maximum daily intake for adults is 500 ml.
With complete parenteral nutrition, the introduction of glucose should always be accompanied by the introduction of a sufficient number of amino acid solutions, emulsions of lipids, electrolytes, vitamins and trace elements.
40% glucose solution:
The drug should be administered under regular medical supervision.
The dosage regimen depends on the age, weight and severity of the patient's condition. It is recommended to monitor clinical and biological parameters, in particular, the concentration of glucose in the blood, electrolytes and water-salt balance.
40% glucose solution is intravenously dripped at a rate of up to 30 cap / min (1.5 ml / min). The maximum daily intake for adults is 250 ml.
After reaching the necessary concentration of glucose in the blood plasma patient is transferred to the introduction of 5% or 10% glucose solutions.